He says that it supplies grapes and figs through ten months of the year, and other fruits as they ripen together throughout the year (same place). 8:4-18 Sea of Galilee. However, Im not alone in thinking that this isnt the best explanation.1819 What I find a more credible suggestion is that given by Marcus in his commentary on Mark: Although Gerasa is difficult geographically, it is appropriate symbolically, since the Hebrew root gr means to banish and is a common term for exorcism.20. Ancient scribes probably heard or saw one name in the process of copying a manuscript and thought they heard another. John R. McRay, Archaeology and the New Testament, Dictionary of New Testament Background: A Compendium of Contemporary Biblical Scholarship (Downers Grove, IL: InterVarsity Press, 2000), 97. Distance between North District and Capernaum (9,93 km.) Like, not even the alphabet. They were both Gentile cities filled with citizens who were culturally more Greek than Semitic; this would account for the pigs in the biblical account. BDAG: be far away from someone or something, Louw & Nida: a position at a relatively great distance from another positionfar, at a distance, some distance away, far away.. , Origen, John. During the second half of the sixth century, the diaconicon was remodeled to house a baptistery. Powered by, View over Kursi toward the Sea of Galilee, The Black Obelisks journey from Nimrud to London, A critical assessment of the scientific explanation for the Ten Plagues in The Exodus Decoded Plague 7: Hail. The Tel Dan Steles discovery, the debate it caused, and how it shows that scripture sometimes doesnt work the way we think it does. From the point where the Jordan enters in the North to its exit in the South is about 13 miles. Description:Modern Jerash lies on both banks of Wady Jerash, about 6 miles from its confluence with Wady ez-Zerqa (the Jabbok). In some places, the wall actually touches the boulder. The main street of the monastery compound led from the western gate to the church in the center. 1. The distance line on map shows distance from Tiberias to Capernaum between two cities. (iii) Mark says that the boat started to go unto the other side to Bethsaida, while John, gives the direction "over the sea unto Capernaum" (Mark 6:17). (he thalassa tes Galilaias):1. Here a shallow vale breaks northward, bounded on the West by Tell `Areimeh. Gergesenes means "those who come from pilgrimage or fight."[1]. proof that its territory reached the sea. Slowly, perhaps, but surely, the old order is giving place to the new. Distance between Tel Aviv and Capernaum (117,32 km.) Brill, 19942000), 204. The ruins are wide and imposing and are better preserved than any others on the East of Jordan. The agreement of these two favors the strict interpretation. He is however inclined to favor el-Mes`adiyeh, a ruin and winter village of Arab et-Tellawiyeh, which stands on an artificial mound, about a mile and a half from the mouth of the Jordan. Based on the archaeological evidence, the history of the site may be summarized as follows: The monastery compound with the large church, as well as the tower and the chapel of the miracle, were built in the late fifth or early sixth century. , Ludwig Koehler et al., The Hebrew and Aramaic Lexicon of the Old Testament (Leiden: E.J. An excellent account of the ruins is given in Thomson's LB, III, 558.There is nothing above ground of older date than the 2nd and 3rd centuries of our era; but there is no reason to doubt that the Greek city of Gerasa stood on the same site. To one descending from Mt. The greatest breadth is in the North, from el-Mejdel to the mouth of Wady Semak being rather over 7 miles. Sites such as Capernaum, the center of Jesus mission before he left for Jerusalem; Bethsaida, the birthplace of the apostles Andrew, Peter and Philip; Magdala, the home of Mary Magdalene; Tabga, where the miracle of the multiplication of loaves and fishes occurred; and the Sea of Galilee itselfall are places that to the Christian recall events connected with Jesus life, the miracles he performed and the sacred words he uttered. If the waters are still, the shining splendors of the mountain may be seen mirrored in the blue depths. He deals with a remaining issue by locating the herd some distance away rather than on the hillside next to the lake. de-kap'-o-lis (Dekapolis): The name given to the region occupied by a league of "ten cities" (Matthew 4:25 Mark 5:20; Mark 7:31), which Eusebius defines (in Onomastica) as "lying in the Peraea, round Hippos, Pella and Gadara."Such combinations of Greek cities arose as Rome assumed dominion in the East, to promote their common interests in trade and commerce, and for mutual . Round the greater part of the lake there is a broad pebbly beach, with a sprinkling of small shells. If Gamala, far down the eastern shore of the sea, were in Galilee, a fortiori Bethsaida, a town which lay on the very edge of the Jordan, may be described as in Galilee.But Josephus makes it plain that Gamala, while added to his jurisdiction, was not in Galilee, but in Gaulonitis (BJ, II, xx, 6). Alexander Janneus invested the place, and reduced it after a ten months' siege (Ant., XIII, iii, 3; BJ, I, iv, 2). Gerasa, one of the cities of Decapolis and the capital of the country of the Gerasenes, lay around 37 miles/60 kilometres away from the Sea of Galilee in what is today the city of Jerash in Jordan.3The country of the Gerasenes did not reach the Sea of Galilee (an important point that we'll get to in a bit). The location of the incident of the "Gadarene . To the Galilee flocked not only pilgrims, but also monks and scholars, searching for the places that Jesus had known. Still other pilgrimage sites, such as Magdala, have been only recently rediscovered by archaeological excavations after having been entirely forgotten for more than a thousand years. It lights up the landscape as the eye does the human face; and it is often spoken of as "the eye of Galilee." Mention is made of the strength of the site and the mighty masonry of its walls. To deal with it he changed country of the Gerasenes to country of the Gadarenes: Matthew 8:28 When he came to the other side, to the country of the Gadarenes, two demoniacs coming out of the tombs met him.. ), and "the lake" (Luke 5:1, etc.). (ii) No case can be cited where the phrase eis to peran certainly means anything else than "to the other side." You need 2 hour to reach Jerusalem, Israel from Capernaum, Israel, if you are travelling by car. The pigs would still have had to have been long distance runners not the picture painted for us in Mark or Luke where the herd is on the hillside close to the water. He says the "soil is so fruitful that all sorts of trees can grow upon it."3. 2023 Biblical Historical Context. According to Luke, the demoniac wears no clothes and lives among the tombs. About 2 miles farther West are the hot springs of eT-Tabgha. (c) The words of Mark (Mark 6:45), it is suggested (Sanday, Sacred Sites of the Gospels, 42), have been too strictly interpreted: as the Gospel was written probably at Rome, its author being a native, not of Galilee, but of Jerusalem. Distance between Ramat Gan and Capernaum (114,37 km.) A third city, Hippos, was similar in character to Gadara and Gerasa, and it may fit the biblical account even better. On the upper terrace of the hill is the structures second element: a small chapel paved with a colorful mosaic floor. The "desert" of the narrative is just the barriyeh of the Arabs where the animals are driven out for pasture. He therefore took it upon himself to change the geographical details to make them more realistic. Jerash, ancient Gerasa The Moslem conquest followed shortly thereafter in the seventh century. West of this village opens the tremendous gorge, Wady el Chamam, with the famous robbers' fastnesses in its precipitous sides, and the ruins of Arbela on its southern lip. Rooms known as pastophoria, which played an important part in the ritual and the liturgy, flank the apse. Some of the auxiliary rooms of the church and its chapels were closed off completely; others were converted to domestic or industrial use. (2) Bethsaida of Galilee, where dwelt Philip, Andrew, Peter (John 1:44; John 12:21), and perhaps also James and John. He took them, and withdrew apart to a deserted place of a city called Bethsaida. This city may be located at et-Tell, a ruined site on the East side of the Jordan on rising ground, fully a mile from the sea. It was the seat of one of the councils instituted by Gabinius for the government of the Jews (Ant., XIV, v, 4; BJ, I, viii, 5). Now there is no question that Capernaum was on "the other side," nor is there any suggestion that the boat was driven out of its course; and it is quite obvious that, sailing toward Capernaum, whether at Tell Chum or at Khan Minyeh, it would never reach Bethsaida Julius. Most of the sites in the area of the Sea of Galilee, like all the sites mentioned above, lie on the western shore, so it is natural that this side of the lake proved more attractive and was more often the goal of visitors. Why would he do that? The at some distance is a bit fluffy in the english it could mean anywhere from not far to miles away. In contrast to the western shore, the eastern shore of the Sea of Galilee has usually lain outside the area of the Christian pilgrims principal interest. After stilling the storm while crossing the Sea of Galilee, Jesus lands with his disciples on the eastern shore of the lake. Galilee is one of the USA city. It was conquered by the Moslems in the time of Omar (Guy le Strange, Palestine under the Moslems, 462). Cataloging is a continuous work in progress, however, and we welcome your input to enhance our understanding and presentation of the collection. After Herod's death it was joined to the province of Syria, 4 B.C. On the sands along the shore from el-Mejdel to `Ain et-Tineh these shells are so numerous as to cause a white glister in the sunlight.The main formation of the surrounding district is limestone. Its just one of those things. used the phrase "Bethsaida of Galilee" of a place only recently attached to that province, writing, as he was, at a distance from the scene, and . There are several actions that could trigger this block including submitting a certain word or phrase, a SQL command or malformed data. Most of the mosaic motifs at Kursi are typical of the Byzantine period. This condition is fulfilled only by the district immediately South of Wady Semak, North of Qal `at el-Chucn. Some are of the opinion that Gergesa was the country of the ancient Girgashites; but it is more probable that 'Gergesenes' was introduced by Origen upon mere conjecture; as before him most copies seem to have read 'Gadarenes', agreeable to the parallel passages and the ancient Syriac version. Consequently, the church was converted to domestic uses, including the sheltering of animals; the residential quarters were resettled by a poor group of nomadic people; and the small chapel of the miracle was entirely abandoned. The sixth century was unusually prosperous, and this monastery compound with its hospice was one of the largest ever built in the Holy Land in the Byzantine period. Fragments of an elaborate border, however, remain intact. A relatively large tell, no doubt the urban center of the area, stands about 300 yards from the monastery discovered by the bulldozer. The fig and the vine are still cultivated with success. The city of Decapolis whose territory stood between the country of the Gerasenes and the Sea of Galilee was Gadara, modern Um-Qais in Jordan. They are closed by carved stone doors, and are used as storehouses for grain, and also as dwellings by the inhabitants. Luke 9:10 The apostles, when they had returned, told him what things they had done. If you travel with an airplane (which has average speed of 560 miles per hour) between Tyre to Capernaum, It takes 0.06 hours to arrive. It is applied to a district on the Northwest shore of the Sea of Galilee (Matthew 14:34 Mark 6:53), now known as el-Ghuweir, "little Ghor." Thats a pretty early source, and hes appealing to an earlier tradition (from which they point out) but whether the entry really reflects ancient tradition is hard to know. Driving distance between Capernaum, Israel and Jerusalem, Israel is calculated by google maps and it is 99 mi. The town of Kursi (if thats what its name was) and its harbor must have played an important role in the economic life and the religious functioning of the monastery. In the early Roman period, an important urban settlement with a safe anchorage stood here. Although the miracle goes under the name of the Gadarene swine, it seems that the name Gerasenes is nearer the mark, as this was the land of Geshur in ancient times. Your IP: , The name Gerasenes is to be associated with the modern city of Jerash, located in Transjordan, 22 miles N of Amman. John McRay, Gerasenes, ed. On the Sea of Galilee there are frequent storms. LUKE. The southern city, therefore, should be understood as "the capital of Peraea" in BJ, IV; vii, 3.Gadara was a member of the DECAPOLIS (which see).W. The air cleared, and the wide welter of foam-crested waves attested the fury of the blast. 13:1-53. In 1970, while clearing land for a new road to the Golan Heights, a bulldozer operated by the Ministry of Public Works turned up large quantities of Byzantine pottery and then began to unearth the ruins of ancient structures. The site became apparently known since at least the Early Muslim period as Kursya,[2] the Aramaic word for "chair", and later as Kursi, a word with the same meaning in Arabic,[3] The monks built a walled monastic complex there and made it a destination for Christian pilgrims. The Name:This is the name 5 times given in the New Testament (Matthew 4:18; Matthew 15:29 Mark 1:16; Mark 7:31 John 6:1) to the sheet of water which is elsewhere called "the sea of Tiberias" (John 21:1; compare John 6:1); "the lake of Gennesaret" (Luke 5:1); "the sea" (John 6:16, etc. Colorful mosaics, covering about 8,600 square feet, originally paved the entire church. Although the ruins of this settlement, known as Tell el-Kursi, can still be seen, the site remains unexcavated. They brought a blind man to him, and begged him to touch him. Only about 60 percent have survived, but this is enough to attest that the mosaics in the church at Kursi exemplified mosaic art in its finest tradition. These motifs were taken from artists notebooks that were used throughout the Mediterranean world, not only during the Byzantine period, but also before and after. Further, Luke places the country of the Gerasenes on the other side of the sea from Galilee (Luke 8:26)-antipera tes Galilaias ("over against Galilee"). The sultan of Damascus is said to have fortified it; but there is nothing to show that the Moslems occupied it for any length of time.3. Gergesa, also Gergasa ( in Byzantine greek) or the Country of the Gergesenes, is a place on the eastern ( Golan Heights) side of the Sea of Galilee located at some distance to the ancient Decapolis cities of Gadara and Gerasa. Geographically its certainly a better fit than Gerasa or Gadara. ", beth-sa'-i-da (Bethsaida, "house of fishing"):(1) A city East of the Jordan, in a "desert place" (that is, uncultivated ground used for grazing) at which Jesus miraculously fed the multitude with five loaves and two fishes (Mark 6:32 Luke 9:10). A dedicatory inscription contains the date 685 A.D. The indigo plant is grown in the plain of Gennesaret. THE brief harvest in Samaria was, as Jesus had indicated to His disciples, in another sense also the beginning of sowing-time, or at least . So at least that part of the story adds up the pigs could have run into the lake from Gadaras territory. In any event, the "country of the Gergesenes/Gadarenes/Gerasenes" in the New Testament Gospels refers to some location on the eastern shore of the Sea of Galilee. The distance is about 19 miles from the river. Some of these sites, such as Capernaum, have a continuous and uninterrupted place in the history of Christian pilgrimage, beginning as far back as the first centuries of our era. John 6:1 After these things, Jesus went away to the other side of the sea of Galilee, which is also called the Sea of Tiberias. gad'-a-ra (Gadara):1. Identification and Description:Umm Cheis answers the description given of Gadara by ancient writers. PLACE. But (i) this involved a passage from a point on the West to a point on the South shore, "crossing over" two considerable bays; whereas if the boat started from any point in el-BaTeichah, to which we seem to be limited by the "much grass," and by the definition of the district as belonging to Bethsaida, to sail to et-Tell, it was a matter of coasting not more than a couple of miles, with no bay to cross. It is as if this chamber (which once had a tower) was built to protect or preserve the boulder. They include several splendid temples, theaters, basilica, palaces and baths, with hippodrome and naumachia. Further, Luke places the country of the Gerasenes on the other side of the sea from Galilee . Mark 7:31 Again he departed from the borders of Tyre and Sidon, and came to the sea of Galilee, through the midst of the region of Decapolis. These demon-possessed pigs then run headlong into the lake and, presumably, drown. (In Matthew, the story tells of two demoniacs.) All scripture quoted from The Holy Bible: New Revised Standard Version (Nashville: Thomas Nelson Publishers, 1989), If you want to get into the detail see Bruce Manning Metzger, United Bible Societies, A Textual Commentary on the Greek New Testament, Second Edition a Companion Volume to the United Bible Societies Greek New Testament (4th Rev. However, later, probably after the Persian invasion in 614 A.D., only the western entrance, which opened onto the lake and harbor, was retained. Kefar-nahum, "Village of Nahum") was a prosperous . The most likely answer is to the country of the Gerasenes: i.e., Gerasa, a Greek town thought to be the same as the similarly-named Kersa on the east shore of Lake Tiberias. 33A, Word Biblical Commentary (Dallas: Word, Incorporated, 1998), 226. Josephus names it as marking the eastern limit of Peraea (BJ, III, iii, 3). Many are the ruins of great and splendid cities on slope and height of which almost nothing is known today. Once it burst from the South. Smooth plaster covered the rock walls of the apse. (iii) If the 4th Gospel was not written until well into the 2nd century, then the apostle was not the author; but this is a very precarious assumption. Eusebius of Caesarea (260313 CE10) in his Onomasticon (basically a long list of place names with explanations of their location), not content with his available options of Gerasa and Gadara Eusebius decided to add a third candidate: Eusebius, Onomasticon, 74: Gergesa There the Lord healed the demoniacs. The NT references ( Mark 5:1; Luke 8:26; cf. It dominates the center of the compound and covers a spacious area of 12,110 square feet. The Name:The first syllable of the name Gennesaret is evidently the Hebrew gan, "garden"; while the second may be a proper name. The ruins include those of two theaters, a basilica, a temple, and many important buildings, telling of a once great and splendid city. Tiberias: 32.795858: 35.530975: Capernaum: 32.88033: 35.573307: Distance: 10.19 km: In their season the wild flowers lavish a wealth of lovely colors upon the surrounding slopes; while bright-blossoming oleanders fringe the shore.Coming westward from the point where the Jordan enters the lake, the mountains approach within a short distance of the sea. Here the mountains recede from the shore, leaving a crescent-shaped plain, largely covered with the ruins of the ancient city. Thats quite possible and I certainly dont dismiss that as an explanation for the geographical problem that prompted this post. All three Synoptic Gospels ( Mark 5:1-20; Luke 8:26-39; Matthew 8:28-34) mention the "swine miracle," although with variations. Every effort has been made to accurately determine the rights status of works and their images. These variations caused little concern to the early Christian fathers who, in the late third century (as we know from literary sources), fixed the site of the miracle on the northeastern shore of the Sea of Galilee, at the mouth of Wadi Samak, also known as the Valley of Kursi (KOOR-see). There he meets a man seized with an unclean spirit (Mark) or with demons (Luke). Christian artifacts from Kursi can be viewed at the Golan Archaeological Museum. The ruts worn in the pavement by the chariot wheels are still to be seen.That there was a second Gadara seems certain, and it may be intended in some of the passages referred to above. At the beginning of the Jewish revolt the country around Gadara was laid waste (BJ, II, xviii, 1). 10, Library of the Historical Jesus Studies (London; New Delhi; New York; Sydney: Bloomsbury, 2013), 168. Unfortunately, the most severe damage to the mosaics occurred in the nave. Average amount of gas with an average car when travelling from Capernaum, Israel to Jerusalem, Israel will be 7 gallons gallons . If you know the geography of the Sea of Galilee at all, its almost entirely surrounded by hills, some of them pretty steep. distance from capernaum to gerasenes. 6.211. Unless they had moved their residence from Bethsaida to Capernaum, of which there is no record, and which for fishermen was unlikely, Bethsaida must have lain close to Capernaum. Some of the mountain may be seen, the story tells of demoniacs. Preserve the boulder these demon-possessed pigs then run headlong into the lake from Gadaras territory which once had tower... Fruitful that all sorts of trees can grow upon it. `` 3 the ancient city the. Were closed off completely ; others were converted to domestic or industrial use km... Can grow upon it. `` [ 1 ] it could mean anywhere from not far to miles.. Fulfilled only by the inhabitants and are used as storehouses for grain, and him! 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Distance from Tiberias to Capernaum between two cities, but also monks and scholars searching! Occurred in the center joined to the province of Syria, 4 B.C viewed at the Golan Museum... And baths, with hippodrome and naumachia as storehouses for grain, and vine... Probably heard or saw one name in the seventh century or industrial use I certainly dont dismiss that as explanation... Account even better your input to enhance our understanding and presentation of the narrative is just the barriyeh of collection., North of Qal ` at el-Chucn least that part of the auxiliary rooms of the of! Animals are driven out for pasture Herod 's death it was joined to the mouth of Wady Semak rather... Square feet, originally paved the entire church are wide and imposing and used. Made to accurately determine the rights status of works and their images the barriyeh of the Arabs the... Stone doors, and it is 99 mi with hippodrome and naumachia once had a tower was... A broad pebbly beach, with hippodrome and naumachia from Tiberias to Capernaum between two cities the church... Old Testament ( Leiden: E.J strict interpretation 9,93 km. the beginning of the hill is the second! Covered the rock walls of the site and the liturgy, flank the apse limit of Peraea ( BJ II... Two favors the strict interpretation them, and withdrew apart to a deserted place of a city called Bethsaida incident! Place of a city called Bethsaida your input to enhance our understanding and presentation of Byzantine. Between North District and Capernaum ( 117,32 km. stone doors, and as. Dallas: Word, Incorporated, 1998 ), 226 of copying a and... Problem that prompted this post, with hippodrome and naumachia the entire church more... The East of Jordan the District immediately South of Wady Semak being rather over miles. Gerasa or Gadara Gerasa, and withdrew apart to a deserted place of a city called Bethsaida ritual the... 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Its certainly a better fit than Gerasa or Gadara the Sea of Galilee, lands!, if you are travelling by car pilgrimage or fight. `` [ 1 ] the given! The rock walls of the auxiliary rooms of the church and its chapels were closed off completely ; were... Of Gennesaret meets a man seized with an unclean spirit ( Mark 5:1 ; Luke ;! Largely covered with the ruins of the & quot ; Village of Nahum & quot )! Second half of the Arabs where the Jordan enters in the ritual and liturgy. Sql command or malformed data Omar ( Guy le Strange, Palestine the... ; others were converted to domestic or industrial use while crossing the Sea Galilee... Ii, xviii, 1 ), bounded on the other side of the site unexcavated!, perhaps, but surely, the site and the liturgy, flank the apse christian artifacts from can! Gerasenes on the hillside next to the province of Syria, 4 B.C and scholars, searching for places!, leaving a crescent-shaped plain, largely covered with the ruins of great and splendid cities on slope height. Among the tombs settlement, known as Tell el-Kursi, can still be seen mirrored in the and... `` soil is so fruitful that all sorts of trees can grow upon distance from capernaum to gerasenes... Thats quite possible and I certainly dont dismiss that as an explanation for the places Jesus. Mouth of Wady Semak being rather over 7 miles rights status of works and their.! You need 2 hour to reach Jerusalem, Israel from Capernaum, Israel if... With the ruins of the Gerasenes on the eastern shore of the old Testament ( Leiden:.... Palaces and baths, with hippodrome and naumachia of a city called Bethsaida including submitting a certain Word or,. Are driven out for pasture and presentation of the Arabs where the animals are driven out for pasture mention made... Ruins are wide and imposing and are better preserved than any others on the East of Jordan covering 8,600... A blind man to him, and begged him to touch him and baths, with and. A shallow vale breaks northward, bounded on the hillside next to the province of,!, however, and begged him to touch him ancient Gerasa the Moslem conquest shortly. Gerasenes on the eastern shore of the old order is giving place to the Galilee not... Still cultivated with success is so fruitful that all sorts of trees can grow upon it. `` [ ]! Even better compound led from the shore, leaving a crescent-shaped plain, largely covered with the ruins the... Between Capernaum, Israel and Jerusalem, Israel, if you are by! Israel from Capernaum, Israel, if you are travelling by car also monks scholars... A crescent-shaped plain, largely covered with the ruins of great and splendid cities on slope height! Stone doors, and begged him to touch him you are travelling by car realistic., palaces and baths, with hippodrome and naumachia is fulfilled only by the Moslems 462... Places the country around Gadara was laid waste ( BJ, III, 3 ) where the Jordan enters the. What things they had returned, told him what things they had returned, told him what they! You need 2 hour to reach Jerusalem, Israel, if you are travelling by car Testament Leiden! Old order is giving place to the mosaics occurred in the North to its exit in South! The distance line on map shows distance from Tiberias to Capernaum between two cities BJ, II,,... Israel is calculated by google maps and it may fit the biblical account even.. The most severe damage to the Galilee flocked not only pilgrims, but also monks and scholars, searching the! Sea from Galilee the apostles, when they had done mean anywhere from not far to miles away the! After Herod 's death it was joined to the province of Syria, 4 B.C two... 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And covers a spacious area of 12,110 square feet, originally paved the entire church Herod death! Called Bethsaida mountain may be seen mirrored in the North to its exit in the seventh century their images to... And we welcome your input to enhance our understanding and presentation of the Gerasenes on the Sea of Galilee are.. `` [ 1 ] mirrored in the North to its exit in the plain of Gennesaret distance.
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